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The Art of Subjective Expression

Core Concept

Most unnecessary conflicts arise from expressing ourselves at levels of abstraction that hide rather than reveal what we actually mean. When we make abstract judgments ("That's inappropriate," "This is unfair"), we're usually trying to express something specific—our values, needs, preferences, standards, or priorities—but we package them as universal truths. By moving from vague pronouncements to specific, owned experiences, we transform unproductive arguments into productive conversations about different perspectives.

The Abstraction Ladder

Communication exists on a spectrum:

Top level: Broad judgments presented as facts ("That's wrong," "This is unfair")
Middle level: Personal views with some explanation ("I have concerns about this because...")
Ground level: Specific experiences with clear reasoning ("When X happened, I observed Y, which led me to think Z")
Key insight: Higher abstraction can lead to misunderstanding because everyone interprets vague words differently. Ground-level expression can lead to understanding even when people have irreconcilable differences in values or standards.

How It Works

The approach involves three steps:

  1. Recognize: Notice when using evaluative language, absolute statements, or character judgments
  2. Own: Explicitly acknowledge that claims come from your particular viewpoint rather than universal truth
  3. Ground: Connect abstract evaluations to specific observations, contexts, and reasoning

Psychological Reactance and Tentative Language

When people feel their autonomy is threatened by absolute statements ("You must," "Everyone knows," "Obviously"), they instinctively resist—even if they might otherwise agree. This psychological reactance explains why arguments escalate: each certainty-laden statement triggers greater opposition.

Tentative language defuses this dynamic:

"I'm inclined to think..." vs. "The fact is..."
"My experience suggests..." vs. "This proves..."
"I wonder if..." vs. "You should..."

Tentative framing creates space for engagement rather than resistance, allowing the merits of ideas to be considered without triggering automatic opposition.

Bottom Line

Many conflicts are actually translation problems—people talking past each other using the same words to mean different things. By practicing the art of subjective expression, we can decrease conflict and increase understanding.

by Derek V. Schmalenberger, with help and encouragement from Claude 4 (2025-168)

Special thanks to my parents for their unwavering support. 😎